Emlandweni wesayensi yezinto zokwakha, izinto ezintsha ezimbalwa zibe nomthelela omkhulu ngokwengeziwe ekudleni kwanamuhla kokuphila kwanamuhla kuneBakelite. Kuthuthukiswe nguLeo Baeyeland ngo-1907, kwakhiwa eBakite-ngokusemthethweni eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-phenol-formaldehyde resin - kwakungupulasitiki wokuqala we-themetic we-themetic wezwe wokuqala. Ngokungafani namaplastikhi wangaphambilini asuselwa ezintweni zemvelo (njenge-celluloid evela kumicu yezitshalo), iBakelite yadalwa ngokuphelele kusuka kumakhemikhali amakhemikhali, ukumaka ukushintshwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ekukhiqizweni kwezinto ezihlala isikhathi eside, zokushisa nokushisa. Isikhathi esingaphezu kwekhulu, iBakeli ibilokhu iyisitabane ezimbonini ezisukela kuma-elekthronikhi kanye nezimoto ezitolo zabathengi nase-aerospace, ngenxa yenhlanganisela yayo eyingqayizivele yokuqina okushisayo, ukufakwa kukagesi kanye namandla omshini. Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlola zonke izici ze-Bakelite, kusuka ekuqashelweni kwamakhemikhali kanye nokwakha inqubo yokukhiqiza kuzicelo zayo ezahlukahlukene, ukuhlukahluka kokuklama, nokukhuthazelela ifa ezweni lanamuhla.

　　1. Isayensi yeBakelite: Yini eyenza kube yinto yezinguquko

　　Ukuzwisisa isikhalazo esikhuthazela saseBakelite, kubalulekile ukuze unikezele ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo ezenzeka ngendalo. Njenge-thermosetting Plastic, iBakazite ithola ushintsho lwamakhemikhali oluhlala njalo ngesikhathi ekhiqiza, iguqulwa kusuka ku-resin enobumba ibe yi-polymer eqinile, exhumeke ngokuxhumeka okungenayo. Lesi sici esiyingqayizivele, sihlanganiswe nezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile zomzimba kanye namakhemikhali, sibeka i-bakel ngaphandle kwama-thermoplastics (njenge-acrythethylene) nezinto zokwakha zendabuko (njengensimbi, insimbi noma ingilazi).

　　1.1 Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali: Isisekelo sokuqina

　　I-Bakelite iyi-thermosetdeting desenol-formaldehyde resin, ihlelwe ngenqubo yezinyathelo ezimbili ezibandakanya i-phenol (i-auchic, i-crystalline eqinile ethathwe ku-coal tar) kanye ne-formaldehyde (igesi engenamibala enephunga elibucayi). Ukusabela phakathi kwalezi zinhlanganisela ezimbili - ezaziwa njenge-polymerization-amafomu abonisa i-polymer elibizwa nge- "Novolac" esigabeni sokuqala. Esigabeni sesibili, umenzeli oxhumanisayo (imvamisa i-hexamethyleteterramine) yengezwa, futhi ingxube ifudumele ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Lokhu kushisa nokucindezela kubangela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okungaphenduki, kwakha isakhiwo esihlangene, esinezici esixhumeke kathathu esinikeza iBakelite ukuqina kwalo kwesiginesha nokuqina.

　　Uma welaphekile, isakhiwo se-polymer esixhumene ne-bakelite esihlangene singenakuncibilika noma ukuthambisa, ngisho nasemazingeni okushisa aphezulu - inzuzo ebucayi ngaphezulu kwama-thermoplastics, athambisa lapho efudumele. Le mpahla ye-thermosetting isho imikhiqizo yaseBakelite igcina ukwakheka kwayo nokusebenza kwayo ezindaweni zokushisa kakhulu, kusukela ekushiseni kwezinjini zezimoto kuya ekufudumaleni kwemishini yasendlini.

　　1.2 Izakhiwo ezibalulekile zomzimba nezamakhemikhali

　　Ukuthandwa kukaBakelite kuvela ekuxubeni okuhlukile kwezakhiwo ezenza ilungele izinhlelo eziningi zezimboni nezesithengi

　　1.2.1 Ukuqina okushisayo: Ukumelana nokushisa nelangabi

　　Enye yezakhiwo eziphawuleka kakhulu zaseBakelite ziyizinzwa zayo ezihlukile ezishisayo. I-Baleble Bakelite ingamelana namazinga okushisa aqhubekayo afinyelela ku-150 ° C (302 ° F) kanye nokuqhuma okufushane kokushisa kuze kube ngu-300 ° C (572 ° F) ngaphandle kokuwohloka, okuvuthayo, noma ukukhulula umucu we-tonibic. Lokhu kwenza kube nento elungele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu, njengezingxenye zikagesi (ukushintshwa kokukhanya, izimboni zokuphuma), izingxenye zezimoto (izimbotshana zokusabalalisa (izimbotshana zasendlini (ziphatha ama-toaster, amafilosha ama-toaster). Ngokungafani ne-thermoplastics, engancibilika noma i-warp emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu, iBakelite ihlala iqinile futhi isebenza ngisho nokuvezwa kokushisa okuhlala isikhathi eside.

　　Ngaphezu kwalokho, iBakelite ilangazelela i-retacrant. Akukunaki kalula, futhi uma kuvezwa ilangabi elivulekile, kuzoba ne-char kunokuba kuncibilike noma kunciphise ukunciphisa ingozi yokusakazeka komlilo. Le mpahla yenze iBakelite ibe yinto ekhethwayo yezicelo ezibalulekile - ezifana nokufakwa kukagesi ezitshalweni zamandla noma izingxenye ze-aerospace.

　　1.2.2 Ukufakwa kukagesi: Ukuvikela Ukulwa Kwamanje

　　I-Bakelite ingumthakisi we-insulator omuhle kakhulu kagesi, okusho ukuthi ayiqhubeki ugesi. Le mpahla ikwenze washintsha umdlalo ezinsukwini zokuqala zomkhakha kagesi, njengoba kuvunyelwe ukwakheka okuphephile kwamadivayisi kagesi ne-wiring. Ngokungafani ne-Metal (okwenza ugesi) noma izinkuni (ezingadonsa umswakama bese ulahlekelwa yimithombo yokufaka inyoso), iBakelite igcina amakhono ayo okubandakanya ngisho nasendaweni enomswakama noma ephezulu yokushisa.

　　Isibonelo, iBakelite yasetshenziswa kabanzi ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 ukwenza amapuleti okukhanya okukhanyayo, okuphuma kwezitolo, kanye nezixhumi zikagesi. Amandla awo okufaka ugesi avimbele amasekethe amafushane kanye nokushaqeka kukagesi, okwenza amakhaya nezindawo zokusebenza ziphephe. Namuhla, iBakelite ihlala iyinto ebalulekile ezingxenyeni zikagesi eziphakeme zikagesi, ezinjengama-transformer bushings kanye nabaphula umjikelezo, lapho ukufakwa okuthembekile kubalulekile.

　　1.2.3 Amandla okwenziwa ngomshini: Ihlala isikhathi eside futhi iqinile

　　Naphezu kobuningi bawo obuphansi obuphansi (cishe 1.3-1.4 g / cm³), iBakelite iyaqina ngokumangazayo futhi iqinile. Inamandla aphezulu acindezelayo (ukumelana nengcindezi) namandla amahle ashubile (ukumelana nokudonsa), okwenza kulungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithwala umthwalo. Isibonelo, kusetshenziswa amagiya eBakelite kanye nemishini emishini, ngoba ingamelana nokugqoka nokuzikhipha ngaphandle kwezinyembezi ngaphandle kokulimala. I-Bakelite nayo iyamelana nomthelela, yize ingaphezu kwamandla we-thermoplastics afana ne-acrylic - okusho ukuthi kungahle kuqhekeke ngaphansi kwamandla amakhulu, kepha akukuqedi izingcezu ezibukhali.

　　Amandla ka-Bakelite's Mechanical athuthukiswa ngokwengeziwe ngokufakwa kwama-filler ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Ama-fillers ajwayelekile afaka ufulawa wezinkuni, ama-asbestos (ngokomlando, yize manje esethathelwa indawo izinto eziphephile ezinjengezinto zeglasi noma uthuli lwamaminerali), kanye nemicu yekotini), kanye nemicu yekotini). Lawa ma-filler athuthukisa amandla eBakelite, anciphise ukushwabana ngesikhathi sokuphulukisa, kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, iBakelite nge-Glass Fiber Filler isetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezisebenzayo ezinjengezembozo ze-valve, lapho kudingeka khona amandla aphezulu nokuvikelwa kokushisa.

　　1.2.4 Ukumelana Kwamakhemikhali: Ukumelana Nokugqwala

　　IBakelite imelana kakhulu namakhemikhali amaningi, kufaka phakathi uwoyela, izixazululo, ama-acid, ne-alkalis. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinokhahlo kwamakhemikhali, njengama-laboratoratories, amafektri kanye namafutha okucolisiswa. Isibonelo, iziqukathi zeBakelite zisetshenziselwa ukugcina amakhemikhali awonakalisayo afana ne-hydrochloric acid, njengoba bengasabeli nge-acid noma yehla isikhathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokungafani nensimbi (engagqwala noma i-corrode) noma ipulasitiki (engancibilika ku-solvents), iBakelite isaqhubeka nokuvezwa isikhathi eside kumakhemikhali.

　　Kodwa-ke, iBakelite ayimelana nama-ejenti aqinile we-oxidizing (njenge-nitric acid) noma i-alkalis eliphakeme lokushisa, elingadiliza isakhiwo salo se-polymer. Abakhiqizi bavame ukujaha i-Bakel ngeziphetho ezivikelayo noma bayixube nezinye izinto zokuthuthukisa ukumelana kwayo kwamakhemikhali ngezinhlelo ezithile.

　　1.2.5 Ukutholwa kwamanzi okuphansi: ukugcina izakhiwo kumswakama

　　Ngokungafani nokhuni noma amapulasitiki athile (njenge-nylon), iBakelite inokutholwa kwamanzi okuphansi - okusho ukuthi akusingeni umswakama ovela emoyeni noma emanzini. Le mpahla iqinisekisa ukuthi iBakelite igcina ukufakwa kwayo kagesi, amandla emishini, nokuqina okuyisici nasezindaweni ezinomswakama. Isibonelo, izingxenye zikagesi zaseBakazite ezisetshenziswa ezindaweni zasemanzini (ezinjengemikhumbi noma amapulatifomu ezimikhumbi) Ungalahli izakhiwo zabo ezifakiwe ngenxa yomswakama, ukunciphisa ingozi yokwehluleka kukagesi.

　　1.3 Ukubaluleka Komlando: Ukuzalwa kwamapulasitiki anamuhla

　　Ngaphambi kweBakelite, umhlaba uncike ezintweni zemvelo (izinkuni, insimbi, ingilazi) kanye namapulasitiki asekuqaleni (i-celluloid, casein) ekwenziweni. I-Celluloid, eyasungulwa ngawo-1860s, yenziwa kusuka kumicu yezitshalo kanye ne-nitrocellulose, kepha yavutha, kodwa yavutha, yavutha, futhi ithambekele ekuphuziseni. I-Casein, eyenziwe ngeprotheni yobisi, ibibuye futhi yazwela umswakama. IBakelite, ngokuphambene, kwakuyipulasitiki yokuqala eyayingamelana ngokuphelele, imelana nokushisa futhi ihlala isikhathi eside endleleni yomkhakha wanamuhla wePlastics.

　　Ukusungulwa kukaLeo Baeyeland kweBakelite ngonyaka we-1907 kwaguqulwa. Kuvunyelwe ukukhiqizwa kwesisindo sezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezingasindi, futhi ezingabizi kakhulu ezazingakwenza ngeze zenze ngezinto zokwakha zendabuko. Isibonelo, iBakelite yasetshenziswa ukwenza amakhabethe omsakazo wokuqala akhiqizwe ngobuningi eminyaka ngeminyaka yama-1920s, afaka esikhundleni amakhabethe amabi abizayo futhi abizayo. Iphinde yakwenza kwathuthukiswa ukuthuthukiswa kwamadivayisi kagesi amancane, asebenza kahle kakhudlwana, njengezingcingo kanye nezihlanza ze-vacuum.

　　Maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, iBakelite yayingenye yamapulasitiki asetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni, ngezicelo cishe kuwo wonke amakhabe. Ngenkathi amapulasithi amasha (njenge-nylon, i-polyethylene, kanye ne-acrylic) selokhu athola ukuthandwa ngokusetshenziswa okuthile, iBakelite ihlala iyinto ebucayi kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukumelana nokushisa kukagesi, nokuqina kubaluleke kakhulu.

　　2. Inqubo Yokukhiqiza yeBakelite: Kusuka ku-Resin kuya kuMkhiqizo Oqedile

　　Ukukhiqizwa kweBakelite kubandakanya inqubo elawulwa ngokucophelela eguqula i-phenol kanye ne-formaldehyde ibe ngumkhiqizo oqinile, ophelile. Le nqubo ingahlukaniswa izigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko: resin synthesis, ukubumba, nokuqeda.

　　2.1 resin synthesis: Ukwakha i-Bakelite Prerersor

　　Isigaba sokuqala sokukhiqiza iBakelite yi-synthesis ye-phenol-formaldehyde resin, eyaziwa ngokuthi "resole" noma "iNovolac." Uhlobo lwe-resin olukhiqizwa luncike ekulinganiselweni kwe-phenol ku-formaldehyde kanye nokuba khona kwe-catalyst:

　　I-Resole Resin: Kukhiqizwe lapho i-formaldehyde isekweqile (isilinganiselo se-phenol-to-formaldehyde se-1: 1.5 kuye ku-1: 2.5) kanye ne-sodium hydroxide (efana ne-sodium hydroxide) iyasetshenziswa. I-Resole Resin iyanyibilika emanzini notshwala futhi ingalashwa ngokushisa i-agent (awekho owengeziwe oxhumanisa). Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinjengama-adhesives kanye nezambatho.

　　I-Novolac Resin: Kukhiqizwe lapho i-phenol isekweqile (isilinganiselo se-phenol-to-formaldehyde se-1: 0.8 kuya ku-1: 0.95) kanye ne-catalyst ye-acidic (njenge-hydrochloric acid). I-Novolac Resin iyi-infoluble emanzini kepha incibilika ku-organic solvents. Kudinga ukungezwa kwe-ejenti exhumanisa (i-hexamethyleteterramine) nokushisa / ingcindezi yokwelapha. I-Novolac yi-resin ejwayelekile kakhulu esetshenziselwa imikhiqizo ye-bakelite enobumba, njengezinto zikagesi nezimpahla zabathengi.

　　Inqubo yokuhlanganisa kabusha i-resin ifaka ukushisa i-phenol, i-formaldehyde, futhi i-catalyst ku-reactior amahora amaningi. Ukuphendula kukhiqiza uketshezi olunoketshezi olubonakalayo noma i-resin eqinile, esephonswe bese incipha emkhakheni omuhle. Le powder iyinto eyisisekelo yokubumba kwaseBakelite.

　　2.2 Ukubumba: Ukubumba Umkhiqizo weBakelite

　　Isigaba sesibili sokukhiqiza siyabumba, lapho i-resin powder ibunjwe kwifomu olufunayo. Indlela evame kakhulu yokubumba ye-Bakelite iyindlela yokuxhumanisa yokucindezela, okulungele ukukhiqiza amajamo ayinkimbinkimbi ngokunemba okuphezulu:

　　I-Preheating: I-resin ye-resin (evame ukuxutshwa nabasizi, ama-colorants, nama-ejenti axhumanisa ama-cross-acking) athunyelwa ekushiseni kwe-80-100 ° C (176-212 ° F). Lokhu kuthambisa i-resin futhi kukulungiselele ukubumba.

　　Ukulayisha: I-resin esethiwe ibekwa emgodini wezinsimbi wensimbi, enesimo somkhiqizo ophelile (isb., Ipuleti lokushintshana elikhanyayo, igiya noma iKhabhinethi).

　　Kufaka isicelo sokushisa nengcindezi: Isikhunta sivaliwe, futhi ukushisa (150-180 ° C / 302-356 ° F) nengcindezi (10-50 MPA / 1,450-7,450-7,250 PSI) ziyasetshenziswa. Ukushisa kubangela ukusabela okuxhumanisayo, kuguqula i-resin ibe yi-polymer eqinile, exhumeke ngokuxhumeka. Ingcindezi iqinisekisa ukuthi i-resin igcwalisa i-cavity eyisiketha ngokuphelele futhi iqede ama-bubble omoya.

　　Isikhathi Sokuvuka: Isikhunta sibanjelwe emazingeni okushisa acacisiwe kanye nengcindezi yesikhathi esibekiwe (ngokuvamile imizuzu engu-1-10), kuya ngobukhulu nobunzima bomkhiqizo. Lokhu kuvumela i-resin ukuthi yelaphe ngokuphelele futhi ilukhuni.

　　I-Destold: Uma welaphekile, isikhunta siyavulwa, futhi umkhiqizo we-Bakelite oqediwe uyasuswa. Umkhiqizo ungahle ube ne- "flash" encane (i-resin eyeqile) ezungeze imiphetho, eshisiwe.

　　Ezinye izindlela zokubumba zeBakelite zifaka phakathi ukudluliselwa kokubumba (okusetshenziselwa ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi ngezimbobo zangaphakathi noma imicu) nokubumba okuphezulu kwe-imjoloction (njengoba kujwayelekile, njengoba i-BakeLite's High Viscosing yenza kube nzima ukujova isikhunta).

　　2.3 Ukuqeda: Ukuthuthukisa ama-aesthetics nokusebenza

　　Ngemuva kokubumba, imikhiqizo yaseBakazite ibhekana nezinqubo ezahlukahlukene zokuqeda ukuthuthukisa ukubukeka nokusebenza kwazo:

　　Ukuncipha kanye nokudonsela phansi: Ama-flash ngokweqile noma amaphethelo abi asuswa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi anjengemimese, i-sandpaper, noma ama-tumbler. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo unesiqephu esibushelelezi, esihlanzekile.

　　I-Sanding and Polishing: Imikhiqizo yaseBakelite ivame ukugcotshwa nge-sandpaper enhle ngokususa ukungapheleli komhlaba. Ngempahla yabathengi efana nobucwebecwebe noma amakhabethe omsakazo, umkhiqizo uphonswe esivinjelweni esiphezulu usebenzisa ama-polishing compounds.

　　Ukupenda noma ukuhlanganisa: Ngenkathi iBakelite ingafakwa imibala ngesikhathi sokubumba (ngokungeza imibala ku-resin powder), eminye imikhiqizo ipendiwe noma ihlanganiswe nesiqeshana sokuvikela ukuthuthukisa ukubukeka kwayo noma ukumelana kwamakhemikhali. Isibonelo, izingxenye zezimoto zaseBakelite zingahlanganiswa ngopende olwa nokushisa ukuvikela ukufezeka.

　　Ukushayela noma Ukufaka Imishini: Eminye imikhiqizo yaseBakelite idinga imishini eyengeziwe, njengezimbobo zokumba izikulufo noma imicu yokusika. I-Bakelite ingafakwa imishini kusetshenziswa amathuluzi ajwayelekile wensimbi, yize i-brittle kune-metal-sheetal isivinini esihamba kancane namathuluzi abukhali anconyelwa ukugwema ukuqhekeka.

　　3. Izinhlobo zemikhiqizo yaseBakelite: Ezivela ezingxenyeni zezimboni kuya kwimibuthalo

　　Ukusebenza kabusha kukaBakelite kuholele ekusetshenzisweni kwayo emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene, izimboni ezifuywayo ezivela ezimotweni kanye ne-elekthronikhi ezimpahleni zabathengi nezobuciko. Ngezansi ezinye izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zemikhiqizo yaseBakelite, ezihlukaniswe ngohlelo lwazo.

　　3.1 Izingxenye zikagesi neze-elekthronikhi

　　Ukufakwa kukagesi kukagesi kwaBakelite kanye nokuqina okushisayo kwenza kube yinto ebalulekile emikhiqizweni kagesi nase-elekthronikhi:

　　Amapuleti okukhanya okukhanyayo nokuphuma okuphumayo: Okunye kokuqala kokuqala kwaseBakelite kanye ne-Iconic. Izakhiwo zikaBakelite ezivinjelwe zavinjelwa ukushaqeka kukagesi, futhi ukuqina kwawo kwaqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okuhlala isikhathi eside. Namuhla, amapuleti okushintsha ama-vintage bakelite afunwa kakhulu ngemuva kwe-Collectibles.

　　Izixhumi zikagesi nama-terminals: IBakelite isetshenziselwa ukwenza izixhumi, ama-terminals, kanye nokufakwa kocingo kwamadivayisi kagesi. Ikhono layo lokufaka ugesi nokumelana nokushisa kwenza kube kuhle ukusetshenziswa kumathuluzi wamandla, izinto zokwenza imisebenzi kanye nemishini yezimboni.

　　Ama-bushings we-transformer kanye nabajikelezi be-turmer: Kumahlelo kagesi aphezulu (njengezitshalo zamandla noma okufakwa esikhundleni), iBakelite isetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-transformer bushings (afaka izintambo eziphakeme ze-volformage) kanye nabaphula umjikelezo (abavikela ngokumelene ngokweqile). Ukuqina kukaBakelite kanye nokufakelwa kukagesi kuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zingxenye zisebenza ngokuphepha nangokuthembekile.

　　Izakhi zomsakazo nethelevishini: Ezinsukwini zokuqala zomsakazo nethelevishini, iBakelite yasetshenziswa ukwenza amakhabethe, amafindo, kanye nezinto zangaphakathi. Amandla awo okubumba abunjwe bobunjwa abavunyelwe ukukhiqizwa kwesisindo semisakazo engabizi, futhi izakhiwo zayo zokufakelwa zivikeleke i-wiring yangaphakathi.

　　3.2 izingxenye zezimoto

　　Ukumelana nokushisa kukaBakelite namandla okwenziwa ngomshini kwenza kufanelekile ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezimoto, lapho izakhi zivezwa amazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi agqoke:

　　I-Distributor CAPS nama-Rotors: I-Distribuer cap ne-rotor iyizakhi ezibucayi zohlelo lokulahla imoto, obhekele ukuhambisa ugesi kuma-spark plugs. Ukumelana nokushisa kukaBakelite kanye nokufakelwa kukagesi kwenza kube kuhle kulezi zingxenye, njengoba zivezwa amazinga okushisa aphezulu avela enjini.

　　Ama-brake ama-lining namapuleti e-clutch: IBakelite isetshenziswa njenge-binder kulingini yama-brake nama-clutch amapuleti, lapho ibambelela ndawonye izinto zokungqubuzana (njenge-asbestos noma i-fiber fiber). Ukumelana kwalo okushisa kuqinisekisa imilindo ayihlali ngokudicilela phansi ukubopha, namandla awo omshini kuvimbela ukuqhekeka.

　　Isembozo se-valve kanye nokudla okuningana: I-BakeLite nge-Glass Fibre Fieller isetshenziselwa ukwenza izembozo ze-valve ezingavikelekile, ezingamelana nokushisa. Lezi zingxenye zinciphisa isisindo sezinjini zonke zenjini futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kaphethiloli, ngenkathi ukumelana nokushisa kwazo kuqinisekisa ukushisa kwenjini.

　　Izinduku nezibambiso: I-Bakelite isetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-knobs ukuze alawulwe (njengokushisa noma umsakazo) nezibambo zeminyango noma ama-hood. Ukuqina kwayo kanye nokumelana nokugqoka kwenze kube kuhle kulezi zinto zokuthinta okuphezulu.

　　3.3 Imishini yasendlini

　　Ukumelana nokushisa kukaBakelite kanye nokuphepha kwenza kwaba yinto ethandwayo yempahla yasendlini maphakathi nekhulu lama-20:

　　I-Toaster iphatha kanye nama-oven knobs: Lezi zingxenye zivezwa ukushisa okuphezulu, ngakho-ke ukuqina kukaBakelite Thermal kubalulekile. Izibambo zaseBakelite nezinduku azishisi ngokuthinta, ukwenza izinto ziphephe ukusebenzisa.

　　Izingxenye zomenzi wekhofi: IBakelite isetshenziselwa ukwenza izingxenye ezinjengezibambo ze-coffee pot, abanikazi bezihlungi, kanye nezindlu ezifudumele zezehlakalo. Ukumelana kwayo kokushisa kanye nokumelana kwamakhemikhali (kumafutha ekhole namanzi) Qinisekisa ukuthi lezi zingxenye zihlala isikhathi eside.

　　Izisekelo zensimbi nezibambo: izinsimbi zakuqala zikagesi zazinezisekelo zaseBakelite nezibambo, njengoba iBakelite ingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu ensimbi futhi ifaka ugesi. Ngenkathi izinsimbi zanamuhla zisebenzisa izinto ezintsha, ama-vintage bakelite irons aqoqiwe.

　　Izitsha zasekhishini: IBakelite yayisetshenziselwa ukwenza izitsha zasekhishini njenge-spatulas, nezinkezo, kanye nezibambo zommese. Ukumelana kwalo kokushisa kwavumela lezi zinto ukuthi zisetshenziswe emaphanini ashisayo, futhi ukumelana kwayo kwamakhemikhali kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi azange baphendule ngokudla.

　　3.4 izimpahla zabathengi kanye namaqoqo

　　Amandla kaBakelite wokubumba abe bobunjwa abamibalabala, abahlobisayo bakwenza kube yinto ethandwayo yezimpahla zabathengi, eziningi zazo manje ezifunwa kakhulu yi-Collectibles:

　　Ubucwebe: ubucwebe baseBakelite - kufaka phakathi namasongo, imigexo, amacici, kanye nama-brooches-kwathandwa ngawo-1920s nawo-1930s. Kwakutholakala ngemibala ekhanyayo (njengobomvu, oluhlaza okotshani, ophuzi, futhi omnyama) futhi okuvame ukuvezwa okufakiwe okuyinkimbinkimbi, njengokushaya makwenzi noma okubandayo. Ubucwebe be-Vintage Bakelite bubhekwa ngemibala yalo ehlukile nobungcweti.

　　Izipesheli zocingo kanye namacala: Izingcingo zakuqala zazinezipesheli namacala e-BakeLite namacala, ahlala isikhathi eside futhi kulula ukuwahlanza. Izakhiwo ze-Bakelite ezifaka i-Infation nazo zivikele i-wiring yangaphakathi yocingo.

　　Amathoyizi nemidlalo: IBakelite yayisetshenziselwa ukwenza amathoyizi afana nonodoli, amabhlogo wokwakha, kanye nezingcezu zegeyimu. Ukuqina kwawo kwenze kwakulungele ukudlala kwezingane, namandla awo okuba nombala owenziwe amathoyizi athandeka ngokwengeziwe.

　　Amafreyimu wesikhumba: Maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, kwakusetshenziswa eBakelite ukwenza amafreyimu we-Sunglasses. Ukuqina kwalo kanye nokumelana kwayo kwimisebe ye-UV kwenze kube kuhle ngalolu hlelo lokusebenza, futhi yayitholakala ngohlobo lwemibala nezitayela.